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The most effective defence of plants against herbivores are
The most effective defence of plants against herbivores are
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Solution
The correct option is A Morphological
To counter the herbivore attack, plants produce specialized morphological structures or secondary metabolites and proteins that have toxic, repellent effects on the herbivores. Plants confront the herbivores both directly by affecting host plant preference or survival and reproductive success (direct defense), and indirectly through other species such as natural enemies of the insect pests (indirect defense). Direct defenses are mediated by plant characteristics that affect the herbivores biology such as mechanical protection on the surface of the plants (e.g., hairs, trichomes, thorns, spines, and thicker leaves) or production of toxic chemicals such as terpenoids, alkaloids, anthocyanins, phenols, and quinones) that either kill or retard the development of the herbivores.
To counter the herbivore attack, plants produce specialized morphological structures or secondary metabolites and proteins that have toxic, repellent effects on the herbivores. Plants confront the herbivores both directly by affecting host plant preference or survival and reproductive success (direct defense), and indirectly through other species such as natural enemies of the insect pests (indirect defense). Direct defenses are mediated by plant characteristics that affect the herbivores biology such as mechanical protection on the surface of the plants (e.g., hairs, trichomes, thorns, spines, and thicker leaves) or production of toxic chemicals such as terpenoids, alkaloids, anthocyanins, phenols, and quinones) that either kill or retard the development of the herbivores.
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