Thermal stability is the stability of a molecule at high temperatures; i.e. a molecule with more stability has more resistance to decomposition at high temperatures. Thermal stability also describes, as defined by Schmidt (1928), the stability of a water body and its resistance to mixing.
As the size of the ion of the carbonate increses, thermal stability also increases. So, potassium ion is having larger size out of lithium and magnesium ion and therefore, thermal stability of K2CO3 is more.
Hence, correct answer is 1.