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Question

The number of phenotypes in ABO blood groups is

A
1
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B
4
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C
6
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D
8
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Solution

The correct option is C 4
Human blood group inheritance is the example of codominance and multiple alleles. It is governed by three alleles namely IA, IB and IO. IA and IB show codominance while allele IO is recessive to both, IA and IB. Since, each allele can combine with any of three alleles, this gives total six genotypes IAIA, IAIO, IBIB, IBIO, IAIB and IOIO. Thus, option A is wrong. Since, IA and IB alleles are dominant over IO allele; the genotypes, IA IO and IB IO gives A and B blood group respectively. Genotypes IAIA, IBIB, IAIB and IOIO show A, B and O blood groups respectively. Due to codominance of IA and IB alleles, the genotype IA and IB produce “AB” blood group that has both A and B antigen. Thus, the six genotypes give total four phenotypes, this makes options C and D wrong.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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