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Reasons of Stability

The orbital d...

Question

The orbital diagrams of two atoms 'X' and 'Y' are given. Which of the following subshell will be more stable

For X, exchange energy is maximum and have more stability

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For Y, exchange energy is maximum and has more stability

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For X, exchange energy is minimum and has more stability

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For Y, exchange energy is minumum and has more stability

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Solution

The correct option is A For X, exchange energy is maximum and have more stability
The orbital of atom 'X' have half filled configuration which will be more stable than orbital of atom 'Y' and also due to symmetrical distribution of electrons in all degenerated orbitals in 'X' which makes the configuration stable

In the given diagram of 'X', all the orbitals are singly occupied. Thus the electrons position can be exchanged among all five orbitals and will have high stabilisation due to high exchange energy. In atom 'Y', only three orbitals have singly occupied electron with same spin so its exchange energy will be less than enrgy of atom 'X'.

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(A r) 4 s^{1} 3 d^{5}

(A r) 4 s^{1} 3 d^{5}

(A r) 4 s^{2} 3 d^{4}

IN ATOMIC STRUCTURE

IN Section ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION AND ORBITAL DIAGRAMS (video 22:17)

The teacher is telling that Aufbau and Hund's rule have some exceptional case

Due to the atoms with half or fulfilled orbitals have more stability

example: copper and chromium

cr: [Ar] 3d⁴ 4s² (expectation)

[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹ (real)

this due to the atoms with half or fulfilled orbitals have more stability

my doubt is about

consider carbon and fluorine

C: 1s² 2s²2p² (I studied)

when I apply the half or full filled subshell has more energy

I will get this configuration

C: 1s² 2s¹2p³ (my doubt)

here s and p subshell is half filled I asking you that this model much stable than that I studied

same for fluorine

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