The organic compound A of molecular formula $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ gives brisk effervescence with sodium bicarbonate solution. The sodium salt of A on treatment with soda lime gives a hydrocarbon B of molecular mass 16. It belongs to the first member of the alkane family. What are A and B and how will you prepare A from ethanol?

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Solution

Since $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ gives brisk effervescence with $N a H C O_{3}$ , it
must be an acid. B is hydrocarbon of molecular mass $16$ , this implies B is $C H_{4}$ .
$C_{2} H_{4} O_{2} S o d a L i m e - ----- \to C H_{4}$
$∴ C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ is acetic acid $(C H_{3} C O O H)$ .
$C H_{3} C O O H + N a H C O_{3} ⟶ C H_{3} C O O N a + C O_{2} B r i s k E f f e r v e s c e n c e ↑ + H_{2} O$
$C_{2} H_{5} O H C u / Z n O - Z r O_{2} - A l_{2} O_{3} - ------------- \to C a t a l y s t C H_{3} C O O H$

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