The oxidation states shown by alkali and alkaline earth metals are and respectively.

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Solution

The correct options are
A 1
B 2
The oxidation state or oxidation number represents the total number of electron(s) that an atom either gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom.

Since, group 1 (alkali metals) have one electron in their outermost s-subshell, they can lose this electron to form a chemical bond. Therefore, they show an oxidation state of +1.

Similarly, group 2 (alkaline earth metals) have two electrons in their outermost s-subshell and can lose these electrons to form a chemical bond. Therefore, they shown an oxidation state of +2.

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