Question

The particles are in constant random motion due to

• A. inter-particle space
• B. inter-particle attraction
• C. Kinetic energy
• D. heat

Answer 1

The correct option is C

Kinetic energy

Explanation for correct option.

(C)- Kinetic energy

Kinetic theory of matter

• All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms or molecules.
• The particles of matter are always in constant random motion and collide with other particles. As a result of these inter-particle collisions, they possess kinetic energy.
• There is a force of attraction between the particles of matter. This force is known as inter-particle or intermolecular force of attraction, and is responsible for the binding of molecules of matter together.
• Kinetic energy of the particle increases with increase in temperature and decrease in temperature.

Explanation for incorrect option.

(A) - Inter- particle space

There are empty spaces between the particles of matter. These are known as inter-particle or inter-molecular spaces.

• The interparticle space is almost negligible and so the movement of particles is very limited and they move about their fixed position only.
• The inter-particle space is more, and so the particle move freely around other particles.
• The interparticle space is very large and so the gases occupy the entire space available in a container and do not have a definite volume and can be compressed easily.

(B) - Inter-particle attraction

There is a force of attraction between the particles of matter. This force is known as inter-particle or intermolecular force of attraction and is responsible for the binding of molecules of matter together.

• The particles are tightly packed.
• The interparticle force of attraction is very strong.
• The interparticle force of attraction is lesser than the solids and so the particles are present at some distance from each other.
• The inter-particle force of attraction is negligible as compared to solids and liquids. Hence the particle move around freely and independently.

(D) - Heat is a form of energy that can be converted into work.

Therefore option (C) is the correct answer.