The person A has only B chromosomes in all its gametes. On the other hand, another person C has chromosomes D in half of the gametes and chromosome E in the other half of gametes. When chromosomes B and D combine during fertilisation, a female zygote results. On the other hand, the combination of B and E chromosomes produces a male zygote.

(a) What are chromosomes (i) B (ii) D, and (iii) E?

(b) Out of B, D and E, which two chromosomes are of the same type?

(c) Which chromosome is smaller in size?

(d) What is the general name of chromosomes such as B and E?

(e) Out of the two persons A and C, which one is (i) male, and (ii) female?

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Solution

(a) (i) :- X chromosomes
(ii) :- X chromosomes
(iii) :- Y chromosomes

(b) B and D (both are X chromosomes)

(c) E or Y chromosome.

(d) Sex chromosomes

(e) (i) C
(ii) A

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The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on

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Q. In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosomes is/are :
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(ii) small chromosome
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Q. Match the following

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A	In human beings and a number of other animals, there are two types of chromosomes, ______, and allosomes.	1	44+XY
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C	Human beings have _____ pairs of chromosomes.	3	23
D	_____ determine the sex of the individual.	4	Sex chromosomes
E	The two sex chromosomes of females are similar and are called _____ chromosomes. They are dissimilar in human males. One is a normal-sized X-chromosome. The other is smaller with a good amount of non-function chromatin. It is called the Y-chromosome.	5	XX
F	The chromosome complement of human females is ______	6	44+XX
G	Human males is _____. Human females are homogametic, i.e., produce only one type of gametes or ova (22 + X). Humans are heterogametic, i.e., they produce two types of gametes sperms, angiosperms, and gymnosperms.	7	Autosomes

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(a) (i) :- X chromosomes (ii) :- X chromosomes (iii) :- Y chromosomes (b) B and D (both are X chromosomes) (c) E or Y chromosome. (d) Sex chromosomes (e) (i) C (ii) A

(a) (i) :- X chromosomes
(ii) :- X chromosomes
(iii) :- Y chromosomes

(b) B and D (both are X chromosomes)

(c) E or Y chromosome.

(d) Sex chromosomes

(e) (i) C
(ii) A