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Question

The pH of a blood stream is maintained by a proper balance of H2CO3 and NaHCO3. What volume of 5 M NaHCO3 solution should be mixed with 10 mL of a sample of solution which is 2.5 M in H2CO3, in order to maintain a pH=7.4. (Take pKa1 for H2CO3=6.7, log 2=0.3, log 5=0.7)

A
10 mL
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B
25 mL
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C
40 mL
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D
50 mL
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Solution

The correct option is B 25 mL
Given, pKa=6.7, pH=7.4, [NaHCO3]=5 M, [H2CO3]=2.5 M,V=10 mL=103 L
Using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH=pKa+log([conjugate base][acid]
pH=pKa1+log[HCO3][H2CO3]
7.4=6.7+log[HCO3][H2CO3]
log[HCO3][H2CO3]=0.7[HCO3][H2CO3]=5
5× moles of H2CO3= moles of HCO3 (since both are components of same solution, volume of solution would be same for both)
5×2.5×10×103=5×V.
Required volume = 0.025 L = 25 mL.

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