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Question
The plants developed by tissue culture of a specific plant tissue or part are genetically ______ and are known as ________.
The plants developed by tissue culture of a specific plant tissue or part are genetically ______ and are known as ________.
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Solution
The correct option is B identical, somaclones
Tissue culture is the technique of growing plant cells, tissues or organs in a sterile culture medium under controlled environmental conditions. It helps in fast propagation of plants and is also known as micropropagation.
Explant refers to any plant part, tissue or cell that is used to produce multiple plants via tissue culture. As each plant in tissue culture is generated due to repeated mitotic divisions of the cells of the explant, there is no genetic variation (differences in the characters of different members of the same species) introduced in the plant. All explants collected from a single parent plant will give rise to young plants that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent plant. Thus these plants are known as somaclones.
A clone refers to a cell, group of cells, or organism that is produced asexually and is genetically identical to a single ancestor.
A somatic hybrid is formed by the protoplast (entire living matter of a cell consisting of cytoplasm and nucleus) fusion of two genetically different somatic (cells other than germ cells) cells. For this, the cell wall and cell membrane of the plant cells are removed and the isolated protoplasts are fused to form a hybrid cell. The resultant hybrid has characteristics of both parents and is genetically different from them. Example is pomato, a somatic hybrid formed between potato and tomato.
A hybrid is any offspring that is developed by crossing/mating two organisms belonging to different breeds, varieties, species or genera. Each hybrid is genetically different from its parents and siblings. Example : hybrid tomato
Tissue culture is the technique of growing plant cells, tissues or organs in a sterile culture medium under controlled environmental conditions. It helps in fast propagation of plants and is also known as micropropagation.
Explant refers to any plant part, tissue or cell that is used to produce multiple plants via tissue culture. As each plant in tissue culture is generated due to repeated mitotic divisions of the cells of the explant, there is no genetic variation (differences in the characters of different members of the same species) introduced in the plant. All explants collected from a single parent plant will give rise to young plants that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent plant. Thus these plants are known as somaclones.
A clone refers to a cell, group of cells, or organism that is produced asexually and is genetically identical to a single ancestor.
A somatic hybrid is formed by the protoplast (entire living matter of a cell consisting of cytoplasm and nucleus) fusion of two genetically different somatic (cells other than germ cells) cells. For this, the cell wall and cell membrane of the plant cells are removed and the isolated protoplasts are fused to form a hybrid cell. The resultant hybrid has characteristics of both parents and is genetically different from them. Example is pomato, a somatic hybrid formed between potato and tomato.
A hybrid is any offspring that is developed by crossing/mating two organisms belonging to different breeds, varieties, species or genera. Each hybrid is genetically different from its parents and siblings. Example : hybrid tomato
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