The correct option is B The Caliph
The Caliph is regarded as the leader of the Islamic world in both religious and political affairs. The Caliphs were traditionally picked from the Ummayads, or the Ommiads (one particular branch of Mohammad’s family). The Umayyads were the second of the four dynasties which held the position of the Caliphate during the Middle ages. First came the Rashiduns, who were the first four Caliphs of the Islamic world. Next came the Umayyads, then the Abbasids, and finally the Ottomans.