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The possible details of a chemical evolution of the most elementary forms of life was particularly well-worked out experimentally by
The possible details of a chemical evolution of the most elementary forms of life was particularly well-worked out experimentally by
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Solution
The correct option is C Urey and Miller
The Miller Urey experiment was a chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth and tested the chemical origin of life. Specifically, the experiment tested Alexander Oparin's and J. B. S. Haldane's hypothesis (that is the modern theory of origin of life) that conditions on the primitive Earth favoured chemical reactions that synthesize more complex organic compounds from simpler inorganic precursors. Considered to be the classic experiment investigating abiogenesis, it was conducted in 1952 by Stanley Miller, under the supervision of Harold Urey, at the University of Chicago and later the University of California, San Diego and published the following year. The experiment used water (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen (H2). Next, they ran a continuous electric current through the system, to simulate lightning storms believed to be common on the early earth. Analysis of the experiment was done by chromatography. At the end of one week, Miller observed that as much as 10-15% of the carbon was now in the form of organic compounds. Two percent of the carbon had formed some of the amino acids which are used to make proteins. Perhaps most importantly, Miller's experiment showed that organic compounds such as amino acids, which are essential to cellular life, could be made easily under the conditions that scientists believed to be present on the early earth. This enormous finding inspired a multitude of further experiments. So, the possible details of a chemical evolution of the most elementary forms of life was particularly well-worked out experimentally by Miller and Urey and not by Haldane, Fox and Oparin.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
The Miller Urey experiment was a chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth and tested the chemical origin of life. Specifically, the experiment tested Alexander Oparin's and J. B. S. Haldane's hypothesis (that is the modern theory of origin of life) that conditions on the primitive Earth favoured chemical reactions that synthesize more complex organic compounds from simpler inorganic precursors. Considered to be the classic experiment investigating abiogenesis, it was conducted in 1952 by Stanley Miller, under the supervision of Harold Urey, at the University of Chicago and later the University of California, San Diego and published the following year. The experiment used water (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen (H2). Next, they ran a continuous electric current through the system, to simulate lightning storms believed to be common on the early earth. Analysis of the experiment was done by chromatography. At the end of one week, Miller observed that as much as 10-15% of the carbon was now in the form of organic compounds. Two percent of the carbon had formed some of the amino acids which are used to make proteins. Perhaps most importantly, Miller's experiment showed that organic compounds such as amino acids, which are essential to cellular life, could be made easily under the conditions that scientists believed to be present on the early earth. This enormous finding inspired a multitude of further experiments. So, the possible details of a chemical evolution of the most elementary forms of life was particularly well-worked out experimentally by Miller and Urey and not by Haldane, Fox and Oparin.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
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