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Question

The problem, due to Rh+ factor arises when the blood of two (Rh+ and Rh) mix up:

A
Through transfusion
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B
During pregnancy
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C
Both a and c
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D
In a test tube
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Solution

The correct option is C Both a and c
A protein named Rhesus antigen, is present on the surface of red blood corpuscles. Persons having this Rhesus antigen (Rh factor) are called Rh positive (Rh+ ).

Others who do not have this factor are known as Rh negative (Rh). Both Rh+ and Rh individuals are phenotypically normal.

The problem arises during blood transfusion and pregnancy. The first blood transfusion of Rh+ blood to the person with Rh blood causes no harm because the Rh person develops anti Rh factors or antibodies in his/her blood. In the second blood transfusion of Rh+ blood to the Rh person, the latter’s anti- Rh factors attack and destroy the red blood corpuscles of the donor.

During pregnancy, if the father's blood is Rh+, mother’s blood is Rh and the foetus blood is Rh+. Then in the second pregnancy (with Rh+ foetus), the anti- Rh factors of the mother’s blood destroy the foetal red blood corpuscles. This is called erythroblastosis foetalis( Haemolytic disease of the newborn).

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