The process by which protein synthesis takes pace based on genetic information is called :
The process by which proteins are synthesized is known as Transcription. It proceeds as follows:
The protein RNA polymerase as well as some other general transcription factors, binds to the promoter region of a particular gene, and proceeds down its portion of the strand, breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs. While this occurs, an RNA strand complementary to one strand of the gene is synthesized, and upon completion is set loose while the two strands are sealed together again. Once in the cytoplasm, this RNA strand eventually encounters a ribosome, which seizes it and transcribes its sequence of codons into a polypetptide, or protein, which is then set free to coil into its functional conformation.