Question

The process by which the vegetable ghee can be made from the cooking oil is called as :

• A. hydrogenation
• B. distillation
• C. crystallization
• D. oxidation

Answer 1

The correct option is A hydrogenation

Unsaturated fatty acids may be converted to saturated fatty acids by the relatively simple hydrogenation reaction. A simple hydrogenation reaction is:$H_{2}C=C{H}_2+H_2⟶C_2{H}_6$

Alkene plus hydrogen yields an alkane.Saturated fats have a chain like structure which allows them to stack very well forming a solid at room temperature. Unsaturated fats are not linear due to double bonded carbons which results in a different molecular shape. This change in structure will cause the fat molecules to not stack very well resulting in fats that are liquid at room temperature. Butter is mostly saturated fat, that’s why it’s solid at room temperature.Vegetable oils may be converted from liquids to solids by the hydrogenation reaction.