Dear student,
The artificial kidney functions on the same principle as the normal kidney and the procedure are called dialysis.
The dialysis machine is an artificial kidney machine. An artificial kidney machine may be employed in order to get rid of metabolic wastes from the blood.
In the dialysis machine, compressed air is used to aspirate the chemicals and deliver them to the tank. That is, using compressed air dry chemicals are transferred to the dialysis tank. As all medical facilities need to clean equipment in sterile environments compressed air meets this requirement also.
Hence, the process of purifying blood by an artificial kidney is called Haemodialysis.
Regards