The purest form of iron is prepared by oxidising impurities from cast iron in a reverberatory furnace. Which iron ore is used to line the furnance? Explain by giving reaction.

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Solution

(a) Haematite $(F e_{2} O_{3}$ are is used to line the furnance.
(b) It supplies the oxygen and oxidises carbon, silicon, manganese and phosphorus present in the cast iron to CO, Si02, MnO and P205 respectively.
$F e_{2} O_{3} \begin{matrix} H a e m a t i t e l i n i n g \end{matrix} + 3 C \begin{matrix} I m p u r i t i e s (p r e s e n t i n c a s t i r o n) \end{matrix} ⟶ 2 F e \begin{matrix} W r o u g h t I r o n \end{matrix} + 3 C O$

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