The qualitative sketches I, II and III given below show the variation of surface tension with molar concentration of three different aqueous solutions of $K C l, C H_{3} O H$ and $C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}$ at room temperature. The correct assignment of the sketches is

I : K C l I I : C H_{3} O H I I I : C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}

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I : C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+} I I : C H_{3} O H I I I : K C l

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I : K C l I I : C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+} I I I : C H_{3} O H

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I : C H_{3} O H I I : K C l I I I : C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}

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Solution

The correct option is D $I : C H_{3} O H I I : K C l I I I : C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}$
A solution of $C H_{3} O H$ and water shows positive deviation from Raoult's law, it means by adding $C H_{3} O H$ intermolecular force of attraction decreases and hence surface tension decreases.
By adding KCl in water, intermolecular force of attraction increases slightly, so surface tension increases by small value.
By adding surfactant like $C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}$ surface tension decreases rapidly and after forming micelle it slightly increases.

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Similar questions

K C l, C H_{3} O H

C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}

K C l, C H_{3} O H

C H_{3} (C H_{2})_{11} O S O_{3}^{-} N a^{+}

I^{s t}

2^{n d}

N a F (s)

N a_{(g)} \to N a_{(g)}^{+} + e^{-}

F_{(g)} + e^{-} \to F_{(g)}^{-}

N a_{(g)}^{+} + F_{(g)}^{-} \to N a F_{(s)}

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