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Van't Hoff Factor

The ratio of ...

Question

The ratio of the actual value of a colligative property to the value calculated, assuming the substance to be a nonelectrolyte, is referred to as ..................

A

Henry's law

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B

vapor pressure lowering

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C

the van't Hoff factor

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D

freezing point depression

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E

osmotic pressure

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Solution

The correct option is A the van't Hoff factor
The van't Hoff factor is the ratio of the actual value of a colligative property to the value calculated. It is assumed that the substance is a nonelectroyte.
It can also be represented as the ratio of actual number of particles to the number of particles for no ionization.

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Q. The experimental values of colligative properties of many solutes in solution resembles calculated values of colligative properties.
However in some cases, the experimental values of colligative properties differ widely than those obtained by calculations. Such experimental values of colligative properties are known as abnormal values of colligative properties. The causes for abnormal values of colligative properties are:
(i) Dissociation of solute: It increases the colligative properties.
e.g.: Dissociation of

KCl, NaCl

H_{2} O

.
(ii) Association of solute: It decreases the colligative properties.
e.g.: Dimerisation of acetic acid in benzene.

One mole of

I_{2}

(solid. is added in

1 M

KI

solution. Then,

Q. The experimental values of colligative properties of many solutes in solution resembles calculated values of colligative properties.
However in some cases, the experimental values of colligative properties differ widely than those obtained by calculations. Such experimental values of colligative properties are known as abnormal values of colligative properties. The causes for abnormal values of colligative properties are:
(i) Dissociation of solute: It increases the colligative properties.
e.g.: Dissociation of

KCl, NaCl

H_{2} O

.
(ii) Association of solute: It decreases the colligative properties.
e.g.: Dimerisation of acetic acid in benzene.

If the degree of dissociation of an electrolyte

A_{2} B_{3}

is 25% in a solvent, then:

Q. Assertion :Lowering of vapour pressure is directly proportional to osmotic pressure of the solution. Reason: Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.

Q. Consider the following statements and arrange in the order of true/false as given in the codes.

S_{1} :

The lowering of vapour pressure of a solvent is equal to mole fraction of the solute.

S_{2}

: Van't Hoff factor

= \frac{Normal Colligative Property}{Observed Colligative Property}

.

S_{3}

: 0.1 M aqueous

N a C l

& 0.1 M aqueous sugar solutions are isotonic.

S_{4}

: Vapour pressure of a solvent decreases with decreasing temperature.

Q. Consider the following statements:

I. Osmotic pressure is the external pressure that must be applied to a pure solvent to prevent osmosis.
II. Osmotic pressure is proportional to the molarity.
III. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.

Choose the correct statements.

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