The correct option is A I and II
The term alcohol usually refers to ethyl alcohol which is a major component in many beverages such as wine, beer, brandy, whisky and rum. It is prepared by the fermentation of sugars with the help of yeast.
Consumption of alcohol leads to dulling of senses, drowsiness, loss of sensation in the body and relief from pain.
All these effects give a sense of temporary well-being to a person who consumes alcohol and helps him escape from reality. The psychological attachment to this effect of alcohol consumption promotes addiction. Prolonged use can also result in loss of memory.
Addiction to alcohol is called alcoholism and involves the inability to manage drinking habits. Individuals struggling with alcoholism often feel that they need alcohol to function normally. Regular intake of alcohol can reduce efficiency at work, impact personal relationships and overall health. Over time, the effects of constant alcohol abuse can worsen and produce damaging complications of health and personal life.
The main reasons for drinking and alcohol addiction are:
- The desire to escape from disappointment and failure
- Desire to feel more confident and independent.
- Desire for excitement.
- To manage personality problems such as shyness or inferiority.
With repeated usage, the body’s tolerance to alcohol increases and it starts responding only to higher doses. This can also lead to addiction as the alcoholic is triggered to consume larger quantities of alcohol.
For increasing athletic performance, athletes take drugs such as narcotic opiates (pain killers), anabolic steroids (rapidly build up muscles) and diuretics (increase urination to rapidly lose weight or flush out other drugs).