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Question

The seperation of a mixture of a liquid by distillation is called


A

Filteration

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B

Sedimentation

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C

Fractional distillation

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D

Decantation

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Solution

The correct option is C

Fractional distillation


The explanation of the correct option:

(C)

Fractional distillation: It is the process of separating a liquid mixture which is having a similar boiling point and the mixture will get separated based on its solubility.

  • These vaporisation and condensation processes will occur several times.
  • It is not a type of chemical reaction but a physical technique for the separation of a mixture of liquid.
  • KNO3 (Nitre)and NaCl(Sodium chloride) can be separated using fractional distillation.

The explanation of the incorrect option:

(A)

Filteration: It is also a technique for separating the mixture by using filtration paper. The solid substance will not pass through it and only liquid substance will pass through it.

  • The solid substance will separate from this process.

(B)

Sedimentation: The process of separating insoluble substances which are heavier than liquid by allowing them to settle down on their own due to gravity is called sedimentation.

(D)

Decantation: In decantation, the clear upper liquid is poured out from the container without disturbing the sediment.

Hence, the correct option is an option (C).


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