Question

The seperation of a mixture of a liquid by distillation is called

• A. Filteration
• B. Sedimentation
• C. Fractional distillation
• D. Decantation

Answer 1

The correct option is C

Fractional distillation

The explanation of the correct option:

(C)

Fractional distillation: It is the process of separating a liquid mixture which is having a similar boiling point and the mixture will get separated based on its solubility.

• These vaporisation and condensation processes will occur several times.
• It is not a type of chemical reaction but a physical technique for the separation of a mixture of liquid.
• ${\mathrm{KNO}}_3$ (Nitre)and $\mathrm{NaCl}$(Sodium chloride) can be separated using fractional distillation.

The explanation of the incorrect option:

(A)

Filteration: It is also a technique for separating the mixture by using filtration paper. The solid substance will not pass through it and only liquid substance will pass through it.

• The solid substance will separate from this process.

(B)

Sedimentation: The process of separating insoluble substances which are heavier than liquid by allowing them to settle down on their own due to gravity is called sedimentation.

(D)

Decantation: In decantation, the clear upper liquid is poured out from the container without disturbing the sediment.

Hence, the correct option is an option (C).