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Question

The soil near the surface is usually darker, than the soil about one meter down. This is because the topsoil is

A
Young and wet
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B
Richer in organic matter
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C
Richer in Ca and Mg
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D
Dry
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Solution

The correct option is B Richer in organic matter
Plants and animals aid in the development of a soil through the addition of organic matter. Fungi and bacteria decompose this organic matter into a semi-soluble chemical substance, known as humus. Larger soil organisms, like earthworms, beetles, and termites, vertically redistribute this humus within the mineral matter found beneath the surface of a soil. Humus is the biochemical substance, that makes the upper layers of the soil become dark. It is coloured as dark brown to black.

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