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Valency and Oxidation States

The stable bi...

Question

The stable bivalency of $P b$ and trivalency of $B i$ is :

due to d contraction in

P b

and

B i

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due to relativistic contraction of the

6 s

orbitals of

P b

and

B i

, leading to inert pair effect

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due to screening effect

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due to attainment of noble liquid configuration

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Solution

The correct option is B due to relativistic contraction of the $6 s$ orbitals of $P b$ and $B i$ , leading to inert pair effect

${P b = 6 s}^{2} {6 p}^{2} {B i = 6 s}^{2} {6 p}^{3}$
Due to inertness of $6 s^{2}$ electrons in Pb and Bi, they show bivalency and trivalent respectively instead of tetravalent and pentavalency.

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