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Introduction of Atomic Structure

The statement...

Question

The statements gives below are the postulates of various atomic models. Arrange them in their chronological order.
(a) Fine structure is due to the presence of sub shells in the main energy level.
(b) The size of an atom is much larger than the size of its nucleus.
(c) As long as the electron is present in a particular orbit, its energy remains constant.
(d) Negatively charged particles are uniformly spread in the lump of positive charge.

A

d c b a

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B

b c d a

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C

d b c a

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D

c d b a

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Solution

The correct option is C d b c a
The correct sequence is given as; d b c a.
a. This model was given by Arnold Sommerfield.
b. This model was given by Earnest Rutherford.
c. This model was given by Bohr.
d. This model was given by J.J. Thomson.

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Q. The model of an atom according to which “An atom contains negatively charged particles called electrons embedded uniformly throughout a thinly spread positively charged spherical mass” is

Q. (a) As long as an electron revolves in a particular orbit, the electron does not lose its energy. Therefore, these orbits are called stationary orbits and the electrons are said to be in stationary energy states.
(b) Each orbit or shell is associated with a definite amount of energy. Hence these are also called energy levels.
(c) An electron jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, by absorbing energy. It jumps from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, by emitting energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
(d) Electrons move around the nucleus in specified circular paths called orbits or shells or energy levels and are designated as K, L, M, N shells respectively.

Arrange the above postulates of Bohr's theory in a correct sequence:

Q. Following conclusions were drawn from the given figure :
I. There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus.
II. An atom consists of a positively charged sphere and the electrons are embedded in it.
III. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
IV. The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom
V. Only certain special orbits known as discrete of electrons are allowed inside the atom.
Choose the correct statements.

Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of each statement:

a) The size of the atom in the Thomsons model is ........... the atomic size in Rutherford's model.

(much greater than/no different from/much less than.)

b) In the ground state of .......... electrons are in stable equilibrium, while in .......... electrons always experience a net force.

(Thomsons model/ Rutherfords model.)

c) A classical atom based on .......... is doomed to collapse.

(Thomsons model/ Rutherfords model.)

d) An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a .......... but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in ..........

(Thomsons model/ Rutherfords model.)

e) The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the mass in ..........

(Rutherfords model / both the models.)

Q. The amount of energy released when an atom in the gaseous state accepts an electron to form an anion. factor which affect electron affinity are: atomic size and Nuclear charge. As atomic radii increases, electron affinity increase. As nuclear charge increase, electron affinity increase. it decrease down a group and increases across a period. Explain.

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