The sulfur dioxide gas released from the Mathura oil refinery causes local acid rain, which is resulting in the corrosion of the Taj Mahal at Agra. Write chemical reactions to explain the above phenomenon.

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Solution

Effect of sulphur dioxide gas on Taj Mahal:
The IndianOil Mathura oil refinery is located in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh.
The oil refinery produces low and high sulphur crude.
Toxic gases like sulphur dioxide $(S O_{2})$ and significant levels of suspended particulate matter are released into the air by this oil refinery.
Sulphuric acid $(H_{2} S O_{4})$ is formed when sulphur dioxide combines with water in the atmosphere.
The sulphuric acid in the atmosphere reaches the earth's surface in the form of acid rain.
The sulphuric acid possess a serious threat to the marble of the Taj Mahal as it degrades the quality and colour of the marble.
Formation of sulphuric acid:
$\underset{(S u l p h u r d i o x i d e)}{\underset{⏟}{2 S O_{2} (g)}} + \underset{(W a t e r)}{\underset{⏟}{2 H_{2} O (l}}) \to \underset{(S u l p h u r i c a c i d)}{\underset{⏟}{2 H_{2} S O_{4} (a q)}}$
The reaction of $H_{2} S O_{4}$ with marble:
$\underset{(C a l c i u m c a r b o n a t e)}{\underset{⏟}{C a C O_{3} (s)}} + \underset{(S u l p h u r i c a c i d)}{\underset{⏟}{H_{2} S O_{4} (a q)}} \to \underset{(C a l c i u m s u l p h a t e)}{\underset{⏟}{C a S O_{4} (a q)}} + \underset{(W a t e r)}{\underset{⏟}{H_{2} O (l)}} + \underset{(C a r b o n d i o x i d e)}{\underset{⏟}{C O_{2} (g)}}$

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