The correct option is B were rescued
Here, 'were rescued' in simple past tense is correct because it is used to indicate an
action that has already been completed. Here, after the earthquake, the survivors 'were rescued' (past tense).
'Was rescued' is incorrect because the subject is survivors (plural). So, the verb should be plural.
'Rescued' is incorrect because without a verb, the sentence will be incomplete.
'Rescue' is grammatically incorrect.