The temporary hardness is caused due to:

calcium carbonate only

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magnesium bicarbonate only.

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calcium bicarbonate only

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both magnesium and calcium bicarbonate

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Solution

The correct option is D both magnesium and calcium bicarbonate
Temporary hardness is caused due to the presence of ${C a}^{2 +} / {M g}^{2 +}$ bicarbonates and carbonates.

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Permanent hardness is caused by the dissolved __(sulphates/bicarbonates) of calcium and magnesium.

C a C O_{3}

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