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Question

The temporary hardness of a water sample is due to compound X. Boiling this sample converts X to compound Y. X and Y respectively are:

A
Mg(HCO3)2 and Mg(OH)2
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B
Ca(HCO3)2 and Ca(OH)2
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C
Mg(HCO3)2 and MgCO3
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D
Ca(HCO3)2 and CaO
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Solution

The correct option is A Mg(HCO3)2 and Mg(OH)2
Temporary hardness of water is due to Mg(HCO3)2 and Ca(HCO3)2. During boiling, the soluble Mg(HCO3)2 is converted to insoluble Mg(OH)2 and Ca(HCO3)2 is converted to insoluble CaCO3. These precipitates can be removed by filtration. Filtrate thus obtained will be soft water.
Mg(HCO3)2heating−−−Mg(OH)2+2CO2
Ca(HCO3)2heating−−−CaCO3+H2O+2CO2

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