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Question
The treatment of snake-bite by antivenom is an example of
The treatment of snake-bite by antivenom is an example of
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Solution
The correct option is B artificially acquired passive immunity
Artificial acquired active immunity :
Vaccines are preparations containing killed, inactivated/weakened pathogens or antigenic proteins of pathogens. Vaccines are introduced in the body to trigger the production of antibodies and memory cells that can recognize the pathogen quickly on subsequent exposure and attack the invaders with a massive production of antibodies.
Since vaccines induce antibody production in the host’s body, they trigger artificially acquired active immunity in the host.
Artificial acquired passive immunity :
● Injecting antiserums obtained from other animals that contain preformed or readymade antibodies against specific antigens triggers artificially acquired passive immunity in the host.
● In the case of snakebite, the anti-venom given to the patient, contains preformed antibodies against snake venom. These preformed antibodies are injected to provide a quick immune response and it provides passive immunisation.
● This is because immunity is provided by ready-made antibodies administered from outside and not by the antibodies generated in the host’s body.
Naturally acquired passive immunity :
Naturally acquired passive immunity is obtained when ready-made antibodies are transferred from the mother to -
● a foetus through the placental barrier
● a newborn through the colostrum during breastfeeding.
Specific natural immunity :
Natural or innate immunity against specific pathogens is conferred due to the genetic constitution of an organism and is present since birth.
Final answer:
(B) Artificial acquired passive immunity
Artificial acquired active immunity :
Vaccines are preparations containing killed, inactivated/weakened pathogens or antigenic proteins of pathogens. Vaccines are introduced in the body to trigger the production of antibodies and memory cells that can recognize the pathogen quickly on subsequent exposure and attack the invaders with a massive production of antibodies.
Since vaccines induce antibody production in the host’s body, they trigger artificially acquired active immunity in the host.
Artificial acquired passive immunity :
● Injecting antiserums obtained from other animals that contain preformed or readymade antibodies against specific antigens triggers artificially acquired passive immunity in the host.
● In the case of snakebite, the anti-venom given to the patient, contains preformed antibodies against snake venom. These preformed antibodies are injected to provide a quick immune response and it provides passive immunisation.
● This is because immunity is provided by ready-made antibodies administered from outside and not by the antibodies generated in the host’s body.
Naturally acquired passive immunity :
Naturally acquired passive immunity is obtained when ready-made antibodies are transferred from the mother to -
● a foetus through the placental barrier
● a newborn through the colostrum during breastfeeding.
Specific natural immunity :
Natural or innate immunity against specific pathogens is conferred due to the genetic constitution of an organism and is present since birth.
Final answer:
(B) Artificial acquired passive immunity
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