There are four tiny organisms A, B, C and D. The organism A is a parasitic protozoan which causes a disease known as kala-azar. The organism B is a microscopic single-celled animal which causes malaria disease in human beings. The organism C is a unicellular animal which can change its body shape according to need, it has no fixed shape. The organism D is also a unicellular animal which is slipper-shaped having a large number of tiny hair all around its body.
(a) Name the organisms A, B, C and D
(b) Name one characteristic body feature of organism A.
(c) Name the insect which carries organism B and transmits it from one person to another.
(d) What name is given to the asexual method of reproduction of (i) organism A, and (ii) organism B?
(e) Where do organisms C and D live?

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Solution

(a) The organism A is Leishmania, B is Plasmodium, C is Amoeba and D is Paramecium.
(b) One body feature of organism A is that it has a whip-like structure called flagellum at one end.
(c) Female Anopheles mosquito carries the organism B and transmits it from one person to another.
(d) (i) Organism A reproduces by binary fission.
(ii) Organism B reproduces by multiple fission.
(e) Organisms C and D are found in ponds.

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