There are two similar glands P which are located on the top of two similar organs Q in the human body. The glands P are often called glands of emergency and they secrete a hormone R into the blood stream. The hormone R is secreted in large amounts when a person is frightened. It brings about temporary changes in the body which allow a lot of substance S from the liver to go into blood so as to provide a lot of energy in a very short time. This helps the person concerned to fight back or run away from the frightening situation.

What are P, Q, R and S?

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Solution

Adrenal gland (P)
Kidney (Q)
Adrenaline (R)
Glucose (S)

Humans have a pair of adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys that secrete adrenaline in the bloodstream to face the emergency situation.
Adrenaline acts on the liver to secrete glucose in the blood by breaking down glycogen so that it can be used to generate energy to fight the emergency situation.

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A gland W is located just below the stomach in the human body. The gland W secrets a hormone X. The deficiency of hormone X in the body causes a disease Y in which the blood sugar level of a person rises too much. The person having high blood sugar is called Z. What are X, X, Y and Z ?

Q. A gland W is located just below the stomach in the human body. The gland W secretes a hormone X. The deficiency of hormone X in the body causes a disease Y in which the blood sugar level of a person rises too much. The person having high blood sugar is called Z.
(a) Name (i) gland W, and (ii) hormone X.
(b) What is the function of hormone X?
(c) Name (i) disease Y, and (ii) person Z.
(d) What advice would you like to give to a person who is suffering from disease Y due to faulty life-style?

Q. There are two similar glands P which are located on top of two similar organs Q in the human body. P are often called the emergency glands and they secrete a hormone R into the blood stream. R is secreted in large amounts when a person is frightened. It brings about temporary changes in the body which allow a lot of substance S from the liver to go into the blood to provide a lot of energy in a very short time. This helps a person to fight back or run away from the frightening situation.

What are P, Q, R and S?

Q. (a) Write the names of five endocrine glands found in the human body. Name the hormones secreted by each gland.
(b) How do hormones reach the organs they control?
(c) Name the gland which controls the secretion of hormones from the pituitary.
(d) How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted in large amounts into the blood?
(e) Name the disease which occurs in adults due to the deficiency of iodine in the diet. What is the main symptom of this disease?

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Adrenal Gland

Standard X Biology

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