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Excretory System of Humans

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There is a pair of bean-shaped organs Pin the human body towards the back, just above the waist. A waste product Q formed by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver is brought into organ I' through blood by an artery R. The numerous tiny filters S present in organ P clean the dirty blood by removing the waste product Q. The clean blood goes into circulation through a vein T. The waste substance Q, other waste salts, and excess water form a yellowish liquid U which goes from organ P into a bag-like structure V through two tubes W. This liquid is then thrown out of the body through a tube X.
(a) What is (i) organ P, and (ii) waste substance Q?
(b) Name (i) artery R, and (ii) vein T.
(c) What are tiny filters S known as?
(d) Name (i) liquid U (ii) structure V (iii) tubes W, and (iv) tube X.

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Solution

(a) (i) Kidneys
(ii) Urea

(b) (i) Renal artery
(ii) Renal vein

(c) Nephrons

(d) (i) Urine
(ii) Bladder
(iii) Ureters
(iv) Urethra

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