Question

There is no transformation that is perfectly efficient, this is due to

• A. Catabolism
• B. Entropy
• C. Anabolism
• D. Homeostasis

Answer 1

The correct option is B Entropy

When energy is converted to a different form, some of the input energy is turned into a highly disordered form of energy, like heat. This is entropy. So, entropy is a measure of randomness or disorder in a system.

Entropy plays a big role in enzyme catalysis. Reactions in solution are usually slow because of the entropic cost in bringing the reactants or reactant and catalyst together. Two or more molecules associating to form one involves considerable loss of entropy.

It can be understood from the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics, if we take the example of an engine. Entropy changes in a system restricts the engine from transferring all its energy into work. Hence energy transfer are never 100% efficient due to entropy.

Anabolism is the metabolic process that transforms simple substances into complex molecules. Catabolism is where complex and large molecules are broken down into small ones.

Homeostasis is any self-regulating process by which an organism tends to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are best for its survival.

So, the correct answer is "Entropy".