Question

This body was established in 1993, with Justice Ranganath Mishra as its first Chairman. Identify the body, describe its composition, and explain its functions.

Answer 1

Instructions:
Identify the body and discuss its composition and functions.

Solution:
Identification of the Body:

• The body being referred to is the National Human Rights Commission, which was established after the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 was passed in Parliament.
• Justice Ranganath Mishra was its first Chairman.

Composition of the NHRC:

• It is led by a Chairman and five other members, appointed by the President of India.
• The Chairman should be a retired judge of the Supreme Court.
• The other members should be retired or present judges of the High Court. The Commission also has 7 ex-officio members.

Functions of the NHRC:

• Addresses complaints of human rights violations in India.
• Visits prisons and ensures that the inmates live under humane conditions.
• Issues directives to various organisations to protect and ensure human rights.
• Promotes voluntary organisations that work to protect human rights.