Three different atoms of hydrogen are represented as ${}_{1}^{1}H; {}_{1}^{2}H; {}_{1}^{3}H$ . What do the subscripts and superscripts represent?

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Solution

Atom is represented with its symbol having an atomic number in subscript and mass number in superscript. Symbolic representation is mentioned below :
From symbolic representation, ${}_{1}^{1}H$ will have atomic number $1$ and also its mass number is $1$ . The atom ${}_{1}^{2}H$ have atomic number as $1$ and mass number as $2$ and ${}_{1}^{3}H$ will have atomic number as $1$ and mass number as $3$ .
The atomic number $(Z)$ of an element is equal to the total number of protons present in the nucleus of the atom.
Atomic number $=$ number of protons $=$ number of electrons (for electrically neutral atom)
The mass number of elements is equal to the sum of the total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of the atom.
Mass number $=$ number of protons $+$ number of neutrons

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