Three elements A, B and C have successive atomic numbers in increasing order. A attains stability when an electron is added to the third shell which is the valence shell. Identify A, B and C and predict the respective elements possessing the maximum ionization energy, oxidizing power, reducing power, electron affinity and atomic size.
Three elements A, B and C have successive atomic numbers in increasing order. A attains stability when an electron is added to the third shell which is the valence shell. Identify A, B and C and predict the respective elements possessing the maximum ionization energy, oxidizing power, reducing power, electron affinity and atomic size.
1.Oxidising power: The process of gaining of electrons is reduction and the capacity to oxidise the other atom is called oxidising power.
2.Reducing power: The process of losing of electrons is oxidation and the capacity to reduce the other atom is called reducing power.
3.Electron affinity: It is the amount of energy released when an electron is added to neutral, isolated, gaseous atom.
4.Atomic size: It is the distance between the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell of an atom.
Prediction of Elements:
5. A is an element which contains electronic configuration- 2,8,7 or ; when an electron is added to third shell it gains stability with 2,8,8 or - nearest inert gas configuration.
6. A is Chlorine(Cl) with atomic number () and successive elements B is Argon(Ar) with atomic number () and C is Potassium(K) with atomic number().
7. Ionisation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral, gaseous, isolated atom. I.E value is high for Ar due to its completely filled valence shell and second highest is Cl as its electronegativity is high. Hence, tends to attract electrons than to loose. K is an alkali metal with an extra electron. So, readily loses it.
Order: Ar > Cl > K
Trends in the Properties:
8. Chlorine(Cl) has the maximum oxidising power because it needs only electron to attain stability. Hence, readily gains an electron and undergoes reduction, so, its oxidising power is high compared to Ar which is inert element and K which is a strong reducing agent.
9. Potassium(K) has the maximum reducing power because it has only electron extra in the valence .Hence, readily looses an electron and undergoes oxidation, so, its reducing power is high compared to Ar which is inert element and Cl which is a strong oxidising agent.
10. Chlorine(Cl) has the maximum Electron affinity because it needs only electron to attain stability. Hence, readily gains an electron and loses maximum energy to attain minimum energy and stable condition whereas Ar is inert element and K loses electrons readily instead of gaining.
11. Potassium(K) has larger atomic size due to the presence of shells, the distance increases from the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell. In case of Cl and Ar there are only shells where the distance reduces.
1.Oxidising power: The process of gaining of electrons is reduction and the capacity to oxidise the other atom is called oxidising power.
2.Reducing power: The process of losing of electrons is oxidation and the capacity to reduce the other atom is called reducing power.
3.Electron affinity: It is the amount of energy released when an electron is added to neutral, isolated, gaseous atom.
4.Atomic size: It is the distance between the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell of an atom.
Prediction of Elements:
5. A is an element which contains electronic configuration- 2,8,7 or ; when an electron is added to third shell it gains stability with 2,8,8 or - nearest inert gas configuration.
6. A is Chlorine(Cl) with atomic number () and successive elements B is Argon(Ar) with atomic number () and C is Potassium(K) with atomic number().
7. Ionisation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral, gaseous, isolated atom. I.E value is high for Ar due to its completely filled valence shell and second highest is Cl as its electronegativity is high. Hence, tends to attract electrons than to loose. K is an alkali metal with an extra electron. So, readily loses it.
Order: Ar > Cl > K
Trends in the Properties:
8. Chlorine(Cl) has the maximum oxidising power because it needs only electron to attain stability. Hence, readily gains an electron and undergoes reduction, so, its oxidising power is high compared to Ar which is inert element and K which is a strong reducing agent.
9. Potassium(K) has the maximum reducing power because it has only electron extra in the valence .Hence, readily looses an electron and undergoes oxidation, so, its reducing power is high compared to Ar which is inert element and Cl which is a strong oxidising agent.
10. Chlorine(Cl) has the maximum Electron affinity because it needs only electron to attain stability. Hence, readily gains an electron and loses maximum energy to attain minimum energy and stable condition whereas Ar is inert element and K loses electrons readily instead of gaining.
11. Potassium(K) has larger atomic size due to the presence of shells, the distance increases from the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell. In case of Cl and Ar there are only shells where the distance reduces.
