Question

Transcription in prokaryotic cell is :

• A. Initiated at a start codon with the help of initiation factors and the small subunit of the ribosome
  
• B. Initiated at a promoter using one of three RNA polymerases (RNA polymerase II)
• C. Initiated at a promoter and uses only one strand of DNA, the template strand, synthesize a complementary RNA strand
  
• D. Is terminated at stop codons

Answer 1

The correct option is C Initiated at a promoter and uses only one strand of DNA, the template strand, synthesize a complementary RNA strand


Prokaryotic transcription is the process in which messenger RNA transcripts of genetic material in prokaryotes are produced, to be translated for the production of proteins. Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously.

Transcription in prokaryotes:

• Initiation: In this step RNA polymerase enzyme along with initiation factor (sigma) binds with DNA sequence at promotor and starts transcription.
• Elongation: In this step RNA polymerase enzyme nucleoside triphosphate act as a substrates and polymerises the nucleotides of templates as a complementary strand.
• Termination: In this step terminator factor (rho) replaces the initiation factor at the termination point of DNA sequence.At this stage detachment of RNA and RNA polymerase enzyme with rho factor takes place.

In eukaryotes, transcription occrurs in nucleus whereas in prokaryotes it occurs in cytoplasm.In eukaryotes RNA processing is required as its structural gene is monocistronic whereas in prokaryotes it does not require because its structural gene is polycistronic.

Option (A) describes transcription in eukaryotic cells, Option (B) and (D) describes translation.

So, the correct answer is "option C"