(a)
We will start from 34. To find 10 less than 34, we will go 10 steps back or jump down one row. When we jump 1 row down, we reach 24. A jump from 34 to 24 is like taking 10 steps backwards from 34.
We can write it like this:
34 − 10 = 24
Thus, 10 less than 34 is 24.
(b)
We will start from 53. To subtract 20 from 53, we will jump 2 rows down. When we jump 2 rows down, we reach 33. A jump from 53 to 33 is like taking 20 steps backwards from 53.
We can write it like this:
53 − 20 = 33
(c)
We will start from 31. To find 11 more than 31, we will jump 1 row up from 31 and take 1 step right to reach 42. This is like taking 11 steps forward from 31.
We can write it like this:
31 + 10 = 41
41 +1 = 42
Thus, 11 more than 31 is 42.
(d)​
We will start from 66. To find 11 less than 66, we will jump 1 row down from 66 and take 1 step left to reach 55. This is like taking 11 steps backwards from 66.
We can write it like this:
66 ​ − 10 = 56
56 ​ − 1 = 55
Thus, 11 less than 66 is 55.
(e)
We will start from 62. To add 13 to 62, we will jump 1 row up from 62 and take 3 steps right to reach 75. This is like taking 13 steps forward from 62.
We can write it like this:
62 + 10 = 72
72 + 3 = 75
Thus,
62 + 13 = 75
(f)
We will start from 89. To find 23 less than 66, we will jump 2 rows down from 89 and take 3 steps left to reach 66. This is like taking 23 steps backwards from 89.
We can write it like this:
89 ​− 20 = 69
69​ − 3 = 66
Thus, 23 less than 89 is 66.
(g)
We will start from 10. To add 40 to 10, we can jump 4 rows up from 10. When we jump 4 rows up, we reach 50. A jump from 10 to 50 is like taking 40 steps forward from 10.
We can write it like this:
10 + 40 = 50
Thus, 10 more than 40 is 50.
(h)
We will start from 28. To add 9 to 28, we will jump 1 row up from 28 and take 1 step left to reach 37. This is like taking 9 steps forward from 28.
We can write it like this:
28 + 10 = 38
38 ​− 1 = 37
Thus, 9 added to 28 gives 37.
(i)
We will start from 44. To add 9 to 44, we will jump 1 row up from 44 and take 1 step left to reach 53. This is like taking 9 steps forward from 44.
We can write it like this:
44 + 10 = 54
54 ​− 1 = 53
Thus, the sum of 9 and 44 is 53.
(j)
We will start from 98. To reduce 98 by 34, we will jump 3 rows down from 98 and take 4 steps left to reach 64. This is like taking 34 steps backwards from 98.
We can write it like this:
98 ​− 30 = 68
68 ​− 4 = 64
Thus, reducing 98 by 34 gives 64.
(k)
We will start from 4. To add 37 to 4, we will jump 4 rows up from 4 and take 3 steps left to reach 41. This is like taking 37 steps forward from 4.
We can write it like this:
4 + 40 = 44
44 ​− 3 = 41
Thus, 4 more than 37 is 41.
(l)
We will start from 83. To take 35 from 83, we will jump 4 rows down and take 5 steps right to reach 48. This is like taking 35 steps backwards from 83.
We can write it like this:
83 ​​− 40 = 43
43 + 5 = 48
Thus, by taking 35 away from 83, we get 48.