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Question

Two particles of same mass have an elastic collision, the target particle being initially at rest. If it were not head on collision, the two particles move after collision

A
parallel to each other
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B
anti - parallel to each other
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C
perpendicular to each other
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D
making an angle 120°
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Solution

The correct option is C perpendicular to each other
Make your co-ordinate axes such that 1 is along the line joining the centres of the 2 just at time on collision and one, tangential. Now consider the velocity of the coming ball in 2 components of the coordinate axes we just assumed, say vn and vt(v-normal and v-tangential). Now during collision, v-tangential can't change as there is no impact along this direction. And collision along normal is just like collision in 1-D. The equations are exactly same. Hence the 1st particle will have 0 velocity along normal and second will move along normal. Hence, they'll move perpendicular to each other.

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