Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, you collect 2 litres of carbon dioxide, 3 litres of chlorine, 5 litres of hydrogen, 4 litres of nitrogen and 1 litre of sulphur dioxide. In which gas sample there will be
(a) the greatest number of molecules.
(b) the least number of molecules.

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Solution

Under equivalent temperature and pressure circumstances, Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules. This means that larger volumes contain more molecules, whereas smaller volumes contain fewer molecules.
(a) The most molecules per unit volume are found in $5 litres$ of hydrogen.
(b) Because it has the smallest volume, $1 litre$ of sulphur dioxide has the least number of molecules.

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