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Variable Oxidation States

Unlike CrIII,...

Question

Unlike Cr(III) , Mn (II) ,Fe(III) and the subsequent other M(II) ions of the 3d series of elements, the 4d and the 5d series metals generally do not form stable cationic species.Why?

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Solution

4d and 5d series transition metals can form stable cationic species. But, due to the weak shielding effect of f orbitals, they have tendency to show variable oxidation states.

Number of oxidation states increases from d¹ to d⁵ then gradually decreases. The variable oxidation states of manganese is from +1 to +7. Stability of higher oxidation states decreases along a period. Hence, transition metal shows variable oxidation state vand some of the oxidation states are more stable than the other.

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Similar questions

Q. How would you account for the following:
(i) Many of the transition elements are known to form interstitial compounds.
(ii) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are virtually the same as those of the corresponding group members of the seconds (4d) series.
(iii) Lanthanoids form primarily +3 ions, while the actinoids usually have higher oxidation states in their compounds, +4 or even +6 being typical.

Q. Explain the following:

(i)

Why do transition metal ions possess a great tendency to form complexes?

(i i)

The paramagnetic character in

3 d

-transition series elements increases upto

M n

and then decreases.

Q. Which of the following is not correct about the 3d and 4f series elements?

Q. Following are the transition metal ions of

3 d

T i^{4 +}, V^{2 +}, M n^{3 +}, C r^{3 +}

(Atomic numbers:

T i = 22, V = 23, M n = 25, C r = 24)

Answer the following:

(i) Which ion is most stable in an aqueous solution and why?
(ii) Which ion is a strong oxidising agent and why?
(iii) Which ion is colourless and why?

Q. (a) Following are the transition metal ions of 3d series:

T i^{4 +}, V^{2 +}, M n^{3 +}, C r^{3 +}

(Atomic numbers : Ti = 22, V = 23, Mn = 25, Cr = 24)
Answer the following:
(i) Which ion is most stable in an aqueous solution and why?
(ii) Which ion is a strong oxidising agent and why?
(iii) Which ion is colourless and why?
(b) Complete the following equations:

(i) 2 M n O_{4}^{-} + 16 H^{+} + 5 S^{2 -} \to (i i) K M n O_{4} H e a t - -- \to

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