Question

Use of mutant strains has been increased in industrial microbiology.

Answer 1

Strain- A Strain is a group of species with one/ more characteristics that distinguish it from other sub groups of the same species of the strain . - each strain is identified by a name, number or letter. Example:- E.coli Strain K12

Strain Improvement- The Science and Technology of manipulating and improving microbial strains in order to enhance their metabolic capacities is known as Strain Improvement.

Ideal Characteristics of Strain:-

• Rapid growth
  
• Genetic stability
  
• Non-toxicity to humans
  
• Ability to use cheaper substrates
  
• Elimination of the production of compounds that may interfere with downstream processing
  
• To improve the use of carbon and nitrogen sources.
  
• Reduction of cultivation cost
  
• Shorter fermentation time.
  

Purpose of Strain Improvement  Increase the productivities  Regulating the activity of the enzymes  Increasing the permeability  To change un used co-Metabolites  Introducing new genetic properties into the organism by Recombinant DNA technology / Genetic engineering.