Question

Valence shell of carbon is not completely filled so how it exists in a free state i.e while writing a chemical equation we write C not anything else ?

Answer 1

Dear Student,
Valance shell of Caron is not fully filled. it has 4 empty orbitals to form a bond by overlapping. But in case of simple carbon like carbon black or Dimond or graphite, we used to write only C because in those cases Carbon atoms have fix arrangement and all the valency are satisfied with the solid forces like Vanderwall forces.
Regards