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B
all epiphytes
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C
aerial roots of some orchids/Vanda
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D
halophytes
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Solution
The correct option is C aerial roots of some orchids/Vanda Epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of the plant but does not derive nutrition or moisture from. Majority of orchids are epiphytes. All epiphytic orchids and Vanda (a genus in the Orchid family) have a spongy tissue called velamen which is made up of multiple epidermis that covers the roots. Their roots are aerial and can perform photosynthesis by absorbing moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. Epiphytes are not parasites as epiphyte does not absorb nutrients from the host plant, unlike parasites.
White coating of velamen in aerial roots of Orchid
Epiphytes also include plants apart from orchids such as Spanish moss and they do not have velamen in their roots. Halophytes are salt tolerant plants that grow in water having high salinity or salt content.