Viscosity of a liquid arises due to strong intermolecular forces existing between the molecules. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the greater is the viscosity. Name the intermolecular forces existing in the following liquids and arrange them in the increasing order of their viscosities. Also give reason for the assigned order in one line.

Water, hexane $(C H_{3} C H_{2} C H_{2} C H_{2} C H_{2} C H_{3})$ , glycerine $(C H_{2} O H C H (O H) C H_{2} O H)$ .

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Solution

Stronger the intermolecular forces larger the viscosity of the liquid.

Water has hydrogen bonding, hexane (non-polar molecule) has van Der Waals force of attraction and glycerine has hydrogen bonding (as a major intermolecular force).

The increasing order of their viscosities is- Glycerine > Water > Hexane.

This is because glycerine has more extensive hydrogen bonding (three $- O H$ groups present) than water and Hexane will have lowest viscosity due to poor intermolecular forces of attraction ( van der Waal forces ).

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