Dear student,
The various factors which affect the soil profile and bring changes in the soil profile are as follows:
1. Climate: It plays an important role in the aggregation of the soil particles, thus affecting the horizons of the soil profile.In arid and dry regions very less particles aggregation is seen as compared to semi arid and other regions.
2.Organic matter deposition: More is the decomposition and formation of humus , more will be the thickness of the top layer of the soil profile or A horizon.
3.Tillage and ploughing: Tillage leads to the breakdown of large soil particles into more finer particles and thus affects the soil profile and horizons.
4.Plant roots: The roots of the plant also play an important role in the process of weathering, thus affecting the soil profile by exerting a pressure on the rock particles in below horizons of soil profile.
5.Animals: earthworm, moles and other minute insects cause the breakdown soil particles and improving its texture. Thus, affecting the soil profile.
Regards