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What age decomposition reaction explain with example

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S Decomposition Reaction: It is a very simple type of chemical reaction in which a single compound splits into two or more simple substances under suitable condition. It is just opposite of combination reaction.

The generalised rection for decomposition is ; AB ---> A + B

For ex: 2H2O ---> 2H2 + O2

Types:- The decomposition reaction can be classified into three main types as follows;

  1. Thermal Decomposition (Thermolysis) reaction: In this type of reaction, a simple substance or compound is broken into two or more simple parts when heated. The reaction is endothermic as heat is required to break the bond.

For Ex:- Calcium carbonate (lime stone) CaCO3 is decomposed by heating.

CaCO3 ---> CaO + CO2

2. Electrolytic decomposition (Electrolysis) reaction: When an electric current is passed through an aqueous solution of a simple compound, it breaks in two or more parts and the process is called electrolysis.

For Ex:- decomposition of water

2H2O ---> 2H2 + O2

3. Photodecomposition (Photolysis) reaction: It is a simple decomposition reaction in which, a substance is broken down into smaller parts by the supply of light energy.

For ex:- Decomposition of silver chloride AgCl; when AgCl is placed in a watch glass and exposed to sunlight, its white colour changes to grey which conforms decomposition as;

2AgCl (white solid) ---> 2Ag (grey solid) + Cl2(gas)


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