Question

What are biomolecules in living organisms?

Answer 1

Biological molecules:

1. Biomolecules are organic molecules that are required for the maintenance and metabolism of living creatures.
2. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid are the four types of biological molecules.

1. Carbohydrates:

• They are one of the primary sources of energy for our bodies.
• They are organic molecules.
• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen make up this compound.
• Monosaccharides are simple carbohydrates—for example - Glucose.
• Polysaccharides are long chains of sugar.
• Cellulose and starch are examples of polysaccharides.

2. Lipids:

• Lipids are organic compounds.
• They are nonpolar molecules.
• They are found in butter, oil, cheese, whole milk, etc.

3. Proteins:

• A polymeric chain of amino acids makes up proteins.
• Proteins are heteropolymers.
• They are composed of 20 different amino acids.
• Examples - Insulin, trypsin, antibody.

4. Nucleic acids:

• Polynucleotides are the components of nucleic acids.
• A heterocyclic molecule ( nitrogenous bases), a monosaccharide, and phosphoric acid or phosphate make up a nucleotide.
• Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, and thymine are different nitrogenous bases.
• Nucleic acid contains either ribose or deoxyribose as sugar.
• DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is a nucleic acid that contains deoxyribose sugar.
• RNA ( Ribonucleic acid) is a nucleic acid that contains ribose sugar.