A lichen is a composite organism made up of algae or cyanobacteria living in a mutualistic association with filaments of several fungal species.
Lichens have characteristics that are distinct from those of their constituent species.
They come in a variety of colors, sizes, and shapes, and they resemble plants but do not plant.
They can have small, leafless branches (fruticose); flat leaf-like structures (foliose); crust-like, adhering securely to a surface (substrate) like a thick layer of paint (crustose); or a powder-like appearance (leprose). Examples of lichens
Letharia vulpina (fruticose), Flavoparmelia caperata (foliose), Caloplaca marina (crustose), and other lichens are common examples.