Question

What are hormones ? Give the name of associated gland and function of different animal hormones.

Answer 1

Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted directly into the blood, these are signaling molecules produced in glands of multicellular organisms. These are mainly produced by the endocrine gland. Hormones are transported by circulatory system to target the distant organ to carry oiut metabolism of the body. Hormone should be secreted in required amount , as the high or low secretion of hormone may lead to the abnormalities and dysfunctioning of physiology.

Following arev the glands which secrets the hormones

1. Pituitary gland - This gland responsible for the secretion of growth hormone which regulates the metabolism of the body.

2. Thyroid gland - this gland secrets the hormone called Thyroxin ,which helps in the metabolism of carbohydrates,fats and proteins in the body. Deficiency of iodine can leads to deficiency of thyroxin and causes a disease called Goiter.

3. Pancrease - it releases the hormone called Insulin, which helps in the regulation of lowering blood sugar level. in appropriate secretion of this hormone causes Diabetes.

4. Adrenal gland - it secrets the hormone called adrenaline its also called emergency hormone as it regulates the heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate and carbohydrate metabolism. It is secreted at time of anxiety and frightened.

5. Testes - this gland secrets the hormone called testosterone, which controls the development of male sex organs and male features like body hair , deep voice and beard.

6. Ovaries - this gland secrets the hormone called estrogen and progesterone , estrogen which are vital for the development of female sex organs and feminine features like soft skin , formation mammary gland. Whereas the progesterone hormone controls the regulation of proper menstrual cycle and in maintenance of pregnancy.